Organ Donation Essay

Organ Donation The process of taking functional organs and tissues from one person for transplantation into another individual is called organ donation. Whereas, any part of the body that performs a different and special function is referred to as an organ. Transplantation takes places quite successfully today between well-matched human beings. Majority of the organ recipients are able to live five or more years. Skin, cornea, bone marrow and kidney transplants are the most common today. Moreover, lung and heart transplants are also gaining precedence. In commonplace terms, organ donation is the removal of working, healthy organs from the body of an individual who had pledged while being alive that his organs could be donated to a person requiring it. Usually the tissues or organs are taken out in a manner similar to surgery. Moreover, all the incisions are clogged at the end. Organ donors can include people of all ages. It is not restricted to any particular group, nor is it restricted to any cert ain age limit. In the present era, organ transplantation is widely recognized as of the most gripping medical advancements. It is almost the elixir of life to individuals with deteriorating organs who require other fellow beings to donate them organs. With the increasing cases of organ failure in society and the insufficient supply of organs, there is an enormous gap between organ supply and organ demand. Subsequently, it takes ages for a person with deteriorating organs to get functioning organs from another being. Moreover, numerous deaths have been reported in that waiting. Thus, these events have aroused moral, societal and ethical concerns regarding the allocation of organs, supply and the use of surviving donors as volunteers,  including those who qualify as minors. Unfortunately, it has spurred the practice of selling organs by money-makers for their own monetary gains and vested interests in many parts of the world by exploiting the poor. This has spurred corrupt practices where organ donation is concerned (Shroff, 2009). While we are on the subject of organ donation, an ethical issue is the procurement of organs and tissues. Firstly, this includes the buying and selling of human organs and tissues: There are some people who believe that human organs and tissues ought to be bought and sold in order to quantify the supply and show deference for other people’s autonomy. On the other hand, there are people who believe that treating any part of the body like a saleable good is a violation of human dignity. Organ donation has evolved considerably in the last 50 years. Following is a history of the procurement of organs and tissues. †¢ Successful transplantation of various organs Initially, organ transplantation started with kidneys, but now it has diversified to lungs, livers, hearts and other organs. It has slowly evolved to encompass various parts of the body. Progress in organ donation and cadaveric practices To decide who can donate organs has been a continuously evolving process. Firstly, it started with living donors and later moved on to include dead and brain dead donors. Even today, there are debates about growing and limiting the qualified donors. In the year of 2001, the surviving donors managed to even outnumber cadaveric donors. This was a milestone in the history of the United States. Formulation of anti-rejection drugs to enhance development and success The formulation of anti-rejection drugs has compounded the success of organ transplants. In the 1960s and 1970s, immunosuppressant drugs were used to increase the success rate of organ transplants (Flaman, 2008). Cyclosporine was stumbled upon in the 1980s. It greatly improved the success rate for patients undergoing transplants. The overall results were also improved. A phenomenon called xenotransplantation also became well-known – this entails the usage of animal organs for human transplantation. Subsequently, the firs t xenotransplantation was conducted  in 1986. This breakthrough means of transplantation started gaining popularity and researchers started performing more intensive studies on it. The number of people who required organ transplantation started to multiply. The discovery of the first artificial organs In the 1980, the first artificial heart transplant took place which was followed closely by the American public and the news media. This basically involved segmenting organs into pieces (either from cadaveric donors or surviving donors). In 1996, the first split liver transplant too place. It permitted one cadaveric liver to be used among several patients who required a transplant. Stem cell research: This basically involves the examination of human embryo and adult’s cell in an endeavor to find out how organs are development and what stimulates their development. There are certain ethical concerns regarding how organs and tissues are obtained. For instance: a pharmaceutical company in France buys placentas from 110 Canadian hospitals in order to produce blood products and vaccines. However, there are some poor people in countries, such as India, who sell their kidneys for $700 or even more than that. There have also been cases reported in India where people have gained consci ousness after a kidnapping incident, only to discover that one of their organs has been removed in that process (Caplan, 2010). In regards to this issue, there are people who draw a difference between waste matter of humans, certain body parts that happen to regenerate such as blood and non-regenerative human organs such as kidneys. There are many people who differentiate profit making from covering the donor’s expenses. If a donor has to pay for organs, this can put undue pressure on him. It nullifies a contract or free consent. There are some people who are also fearful of the fact that if the buying and selling of organs became a notorious business, then it would undermine the nobility associated with organ transplants. It could be detrimental if the organ just went to the highest bidder. The equity would be compromised upon as donating organs would depend upon the ability to pay rather than finding out how they should be distributed. There are some people who argue that this can be brought under control by monitoring sales. If the buying and selling of organs and human tissues is completely restric ted, then it would drive the market underground. Since there are numerous controversies associated with  the buying and selling of human parts, there are many who believe that other alternatives should be adopted (Thomas, 2009). Media Publicity There are several instances when an organ or tissue is acquired for a person by showcasing their need through the media. This could negate the other transplant channels through which it is normally obtained. Moreover, the correct criterion of selecting recipients, which is usually done on the basis of greatest needs and greater likelihood of benefit, can also be overlooked. However, publicity through media creates awareness in the public domain about the need for transplants and in the long run will increase the supply of organs and tissues. Voluntary consent basically entails a person making an intended offer to donate their organs after their demise. In the case of cadaver donation, a person can intimate their consent by advanced directives, such as by filling out the Universal Donor Card, part of their driver’s license. When the transplant is from a living donor, free consent is necessitated. However, it is best to have established consent regarding a deceased donor because this act exhibits love and responsible stewardship over one’s body. Moreover, it also communicates the wishes of health care professionals and family to the individual as well as others. When there is no pre-existing consent, the person who holds responsibility for the dead body should be approached regarding donation. It is imperative that the wish of the deceased person should be upheld. Medical ethics in organ donation has become imperative. This is basically a system comprising of moral principles that applies judgments and values to the process of organ donation. Autonomy is the sole prerogative of the individual to choose what happens to him/her even if this means dying in the process. In this regard, even if a person wishes to contribute his organs to another and thus die, he should not be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, fidelity entails adhering to the choices of someone, even if paying no heed to them would save another person’s life. Confidentiality means protecting the names of the donor from being let out in public or as per the desire of the patient. Hence, if a person prefers to remain unnamed while consenting to donate organs, his wish should be upheld. The team performing the transplantation can ask questions, but foremost it is imperative to prioritize the desire of the patient over anyone else (Truog, 2005). In order to address the ethical issues associated with organ donation stated above, it is important for health care professionals to be acquainted with the meaning of organ and tissue donation. They should be well-versed with the procedure of organ donation and to perform it in the best and most efficient manner possible. It would also be a good idea to render training to members of the health care team so that they can approach potential donors and families in a sensitive manner. To facilitate the process smoothly, they should be able enough to provide the necessary social and personal support during the process of mourning. Providers of health care also need to learn that respecting a dead person is a prerequisite of our humanity. It is also pertinent to mention that any reference to the deceased should be done with utmost sensitivity and using the most appropriate names. Furthermore, to compound the potential for transplants, providers of health care have a fundamental duty of rai sing the general level of awareness of needs. It should be done in a way that protects the rights and privacy of the patient, does not tamper with the medical process in any way and also does not remove attention from other urgent matters (NHMRC, 2012). References Shroff, Sunil, NCBI Legal and ethical aspects of organ donation and transplantation, (2009), Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2779960/ Flaman, Paul, Organ and Tissue Transplants: Some ethical issues, (2008), Retrieved from: http://www.ualberta.ca/~pflaman/organtr.htm Truog, Robert, The Ethics of Organ Donation by living Donors, (2005), Retrieved from: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp058155 Thomas, Chris, Ethics around Organ Donation, (2009), Retrieved from: https://www.chf.org.au/pdfs/hvo/hvo-2008-1-ethics-organ-donation.pdf NHMRC, Donating organs after death, (2012), Retrieved from: http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/e29.pdf Caplan, Arthur, Organ Procurement and Transplantation: Ethical and Practical Issues, (2010), Retrieved from: http://www.upenn.edu/ldi/issuebrief2_5.html

Aloe Vera

More than 6,000 years ago, ancient Egyptians used this plant for a variety of different things. Today, we have expanded on that idea. Although the place of origin is unclear, many believe that it was first discovered in Sudan. Later, it was introduced to the Mediterranean region, Africa, Asia, India, and Europe. There are many branches of the Aloe Plant. The one most active is Aloe Barbadensis. Within this plant, there are more than 15 active components found inside. It also provides 20 out of the 22 (90%) amino acids humans require, in order to survive. Most importantly, it provides 8 out of the 8 (100%) essential amino acids.Aloe Vera contains over 10 vitamins and salicylic acid. Salicylic acid is exceptionally great for the skin, because it aids in the shedding of the skin skin cells. It also decreases inflammation and swelling. Throughout many cultures and places in the world, aloe vera has different uses. In traditional Indian medical practices, it has been used for constipation, skin diseases, worm infestations and as an natural remedy for colic. Colic is described as an severe, fluctuating pain in the abdomen caused by intestinal gas or obstruction in the intestines. In contrast to this, in Chinese medicine, it is used to treat fungal infections. Like the cultures listed, the Western Hemisphere also uses this plant, known as the † Plant of Immortality.† In the western world, it is used throughout many cosmetic agencies, for medicinal purposes and in the restaurant industries. The manufacturing of Aloe Vera is also one of the most outstanding industries in the world. Within the aloe plant, it is composed of two (2) different substances: gel and latex. The gel is located in the center of the leaf, and the latex is in the cells beneath the leaf. Several kinds of people use the two (2) substances together or either separate. One reason as to why it has the power to heals cuts, skin damage from X- rays, and protect the skin from dryness, is because it contains, â€Å"Antrakinon† chemicals.

Analyse of the Two Key Moments Essay Example for Free

Analyse of the Two Key Moments Essay Just before this key moment starts, the guards takes Rebecca Nurse out of her cage, on its way to the place where people are hanged. She is astonished that John is confessing. The key moment starts with Proctor refusing to say that he saw Rebecca Nurse in the Devil’s company, or anybody else. Danforth demands that Proctor prove the purity of his soul by accusing others, but Hale advises that it is enough that he confesses himself. Parris agrees, but Danforth demands that Proctor should sign a document. Proctor says that he has confessed to God, and that is enough. He asks Danforth whether a good confession must be public. Proctor wishes to keep only his name, and Danforth thus refuses to accept his confession. Danforth orders Proctor to be hanged. Hale begs Elizabeth to plead with Proctor to sign a confession, but Elizabeth states that Proctor has his goodness now, and God forbid that she take it from him. The characters have turning points in the key moments, and I am going to discuss what happens to Hale, John Proctor and Danforth in this key moment. Hale’s beliefs in witchcraft changes, so does his faith in the law. In Act 4, he tells the accused witches to lie, to confess their supposed sins in order to save their own lives. This change of heart and hopelessness, makes Hale gain the audience’s sympathy but not its respect, since he lacks the moral character of Rebecca Nurse or, and as it turns out at the end of Act 4, John Proctor. Although Hale recognises the evil of the witch trials, his response is not resistance but surrender. He thinks that survival is the highest good, even if it means helping oneself to injustice, which honourable and truly heroic characters can never accept. John Proctor changes himself and provides a final charge of the witch trials. Offered the opportunity to make a confession that he has seen the Devil, he almost surrenders, even signing a confession letter. His great pride and fear of public opinion drove him to hold his truth, adultery, from the court, but by the end of the play he is more concerned with his personal honesty than his public reputation. He still wants to save his name, but for a personal and religious view, rather than the publics’ reasons. Proctor’s refusal to provide a false confession is a true religious and personal determination. His confession would dishonour his friends who are convicted who are brave enough to die as support to the truth. Also it will dishonour himself, staining not just his public reputation, but also his soul. He then decides to change his mind and tells Danforth that he does not want to lie, this bringing him to heaven. He has now redeemed his sin. As Elizabeth says to end the play, responding to Hale’s plea that she convince Proctor to publicly confess: â€Å"He have his goodness now. God forbid I take it from him! † In this key moment Danforth shows that his greatest interest is to protect the reputation of the court when he prompts Proctor to sign a confession, thus preventing the response of his death. I think that Danforth has changed internally but not externally. I think he believes that the witchcraft is fake, but externally he is still a strict and craving for a good reputation. If he did believe people at the end of the play, then he would not convict John Proctor, but he did because it was to late then, and his reputation would be ruined, as he has convicted people before. It is a crucial moment for the audience because they think Proctor is a bad and not a honourable man when he signs the paper. It is dramatic irony, but not as much. The audience know that Proctor does not see the Devil, to save his life by confessing and showing you don not lie, he says he has been seeing the Devil. But he suddenly changes, he rips the piece of paper representing his confession, and explains that his name is more important, he wants to show he is a heroic man, so he says he never has see the Devil, which is true, and the audience see how he is a better man, and is going to die being an honourable and a heroic man. A crucible is a melting pot, where substances are heated to a high temperature to get rid of impurities. Miller is suggesting the play is like to purge by fire, a form of ‘cleansing’. This is a metaphor for spiritual improvements as the result of a confession being exerted. It is known as ‘cleaning’ or ‘cleansing’ yourself by confessing to seeing the Devil. There is many ways to explain the name of the book and here are some more: first witches supposedly boil potions in cauldrons and a synonym for cauldron is crucible. Secondly, it has a metaphorical meaning: the society of Salem is being heated and stirred in an attempt to remove the impurities and leave only the pure members of the society. One of the central themes of the play is the spiritual development of John Proctor. It is a powerful and complex play. All of the action takes place indoors and it is very black, simplistic and it emphasises the lifestyle of the people and it echoes the claustrophobic atmosphere of the play. The play focuses on ordinary people in extraordinary circumstances. In the play Miller is discussing the forces of evil. In the attempt to cut out evil there is certainly a degree of irony. The irony in this play is that evil and tragedy actually occur from the actions of the unwise and over eager characters such as Danforth and Parris and to a certain extent Hale, who became responsible for deaths, misery and cruelty. Miller is suggesting that humans are vulnerable to evil and he aims to show that the evil generated in Salem was through a combination of circumstances for which no one person could be held entirely responsible but yet none were guilt free. The Crucible was based on real events and characters. The people of the 17th Century Salem, witchcraft were a very real and forceful threat. Many people were accused of being witches, and were tortured and executed. The discrimination of witches spread to a lot of places around the world. Witches thought to commit crimes have various ‘proofs’ of a witch including the testimony of a fellow witch, the common belief or accusation of those who live with suspected witch, cursing followed by some mischief or the person disagrees with the person when questioned. Miller was interested in McCarthy trials in the 1940s/50s and made the book parallel to it, Salem witch trials of 1682. Miller may have oversimplified matters, in that while there were no actual witches in Salem, there were certainly Communists in 1950s America. However, one can argue that Miller’s concern in The Crucible is not with whether the accused actually are witches, but rather with the refusal of the court officials to believe that they are not. McCarthyism limits, which wronged many innocents and this parallel was felt strongly in Miller’s own time. In real life, at Millers time, Abigail Williams was 12 years old, but in the play she is 17, but why did he change the age? He did this to make Abigail Williams a better character to make her do all the mischievous things she does in the play. At the age of 17, you are mature and able to make an opinion, and act more like an adult, unlike a 12 year old where you are still to young to do things adults do. Danforth was not a real person, he was made up, but the wonderful thing about him is that he is made up of 3 characters. These three characters were the judges, but they would not be as dramatic and neither strong, unless there is one person who rules, making that character more remembered, and more important to the play. Analyse of the Two Key Moments. (2017, Oct 14). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

The personal story about uncle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

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Yahoo Hands On Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Geotechnical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

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Environmental health Epidemiology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

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Shangrila Hotel Singapore Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Interpretation of diagrams Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Enron and Arthur Anderson Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Enron and Arthur Anderson - Research Paper Example In 1986, Enron moved its headquarters to Houston from Omaha. In 1990, Kenneth Lay was joined at Enron by Jeffery Skilling, his former consultant. Later, Jeffery Skilling would become the chief operating officer of the company (Fusaro and Miller 12). Andrew Fastow is Enron’s chief financial officer. Sherron Watkins is Enron’s vice president of corporate development. Jeffrey Skilling is the president of the corporation and Kenneth Lay is Enron’s chairperson (Eichenwald 5). Andrew Fastow is more than a minor actor in the Enron saga. He develops discrete business entities that are not manifested in the chief financial statements of the company. It is Andrew Fastow who creates the complicated web of off-balance sheet corporations that permit Enron to conceal its authentic financial situation from shareholders (Eichenwald 31). In addition, through the dealings of the chief financial officer, the company is involved in a large number of offshore associations, a financial issue, and concealed more than $1 billion dollars in liability through some of these companies. It is this complicated plan that causes its collapse. Sherron Watkins is perceived by numerous people as the whistleblower that has assisted in revealing the Enron saga. Sherron Watkins blows the whistle by warning the Kenneth Lay, Enron’s chairperson of the tremendous financial indiscretions in accounting reports (Eichenwald 32). Nevertheless, she has been critiqued for failing to speak up overtly earlier about her fear, as her memorandum does not get to the people until five months later. Jeffrey Skilling is presumed to be careless and does not pose an intention of harming stakeholders but does not take the necessary precautions to protect them. The corporation adopts market to market accounting during Jeffrey Skilling’s leadership. This strategy predicts future earnings from any business will be given an explanation for by approximating their

Dickens Elicit Sympathy for His Protagonist Pip Essay Example for Free

Dickens Elicit Sympathy for His Protagonist Pip Essay Charles Dickens was born in 1812 and past away in 1870. Dickens was born into quite a poor family. He attended a small school until he was 12 and got a job sticking the labels onto the sides of bottles. He did not enjoy this job to the presence of vermin on the premises. His parents and siblings got arrested for being in deep debt so Dickens visited them in jail. This led him into a route of life where he had no friends and no reliable source of money. After this he got a job at a solicitor which made him fell even more strongly towards his views that lie and law were unjust. He may have thought this originally because of his parents arrests. Working at the solicitor made Dickens realise that money made life a lot easier and that lack of money brought poverty and sadness. Dickens started his writing career by writing for magazines and newspapers. Most of his money came from a monthly magazine. This is where a part of his story would be published in each issue of the magazine and the next part of the book is in the next issue. This encouraged the readers to buy the next issue and this brought Dickens his wealth. Although he was wealthy just then he would never forget the time in his life when he was force to live in poverty. I think that these life experiences of poverty and sadness may have inspired him to write about them. Such books as Great Expectations and Oliver Twist both refer to a poor child with no parents. This really shows that he is relating these novels to his own experiences. I think that Dickens may have wrote this book to really show the world was like for him but disguising himself at the same time. Maybe he wasnt meaning to refer to his past life experiences but because he will never forget these times it probably came out in his writing even if he didnt mean it to. When Dickens wrote for a monthly magazine he probably thought, if he left the story in a cliff hanger or left the reader feeling that they want to know more, then the magazine would sell more copies. He may have used Pip for this purpose, by, in the way that he makes us feel sorry for him in places where the magazine issue may have ended. He would have used things like still it was all dark, and only the candle lighted us. If the issue ended here then the reader will have just found out about Pip having to go to Satis House and will have just learned about Estella. The reader would want to know what the rest of the house is like and what happens to Pip while he is there. This quotation leaves the reader wandering if anything out to get Pip lies in the dark corridors. Dickens could be using the dark passageways as a way of showing how Pip felt about being in Satis House: he knows no-one; he is on his own and he doesnt know what might happen to him. The dark corridors may be his thoughts about the place he s in and the way he feels about it all- very alone and not sure where he stands with the candle being his only hope, but there is hope. This could relate to when Dickens parents got arrested and he was left all alone in the dark, the corridors, with only the hope of seeing them and the chance of their release at heart, which could resemble the candle. Satis house would be laid out in a darker way than it would be today de to the time that the book was written. This was during the gothic era during which other books such as Mary Shellys Frankenstein and Bram Stokers Dracula were written. This gives you a feel of the time in which Great Expectations was written in.  When Pip enters Satis house he is probably very afraid. This wasnt helped by the treatment he faced from Estella. Though she called me boy so often, with a carelessness that was far from complimentary, she was of about my own age. She seemed much older than I, of course, being a girl, and beautiful and self-possessed; and she was as scornful of me as if she had been one-and-twenty, and a queen.  This kind of grown-up and almost insulting behaviour from someone his own age must have made Pip feel very intimidated and worried of the impression he would give as he clearly likes her when he says being a girl, and beautiful. He may think that if he does not behave in a way that she would consider as appropriate and accepted behaviour of an adult then he would stand no chance in getting to know her better. This makes us feel sorry for him because he is, again, the under-dog. This time to a person, who happens to be the same age as him as apposed to the building and the surroundings that he is in. As Pip gets over the original shock of being put somewhere he has never been with people he has never met before, he begins to take in the house and its surroundings. The house is a very scary place for Pip because he is not used to the vastness and also the dark corridors and hallways. The first thing I noticed was that the passages were all dark and that she had left a candle burning there. Had Pip been used to these surroundings in a great house then he would not have noticed these things but thought it to be normal. Pip comes from a poor family who live in a small house in the country which, again, shows that he would really not feel comfortable in a great house with dark rooms and corridors. During Pips visit to Satis House he meets a woman called Mrs Haversham. Pips first impression of Mrs Haversham are that she is a strange lady who does nothing but sit in her room and feel sorry for herself. I found myself in a pretty large room, well lighted with wax candles. No glimpse of daylight to be seen in it. This is the first thing Pip says in the book when he enters the room. He was probably expecting to go into an open room with large windows letting in the bright day from outside. Pip would definitely have been shocked to see Mrs Haversham sitting on her own in the dim light provided by many candles. When he sees Mrs Haversham he does think she is strange because he says, With her head leaning on that hand, sat the strangest lady I have ever seen, or shall ever see. This was probably quite an awkward moment for Pip as he almost certainly didnt know how to react to seeing her, as he said, Sat the strangest lady I have ever seen, or will ever see. His views of Mrs Haversham are quite likely to be changed as he sees that everything that she has by her or on her is aged and yellow. Everything within my view which ought to be white, and had been white long ago, had lost its lustre, and was faded and yellow. This would seem very strange to Pip as most of the things in his house, that were meant to be white, were white and not allowed to age and go yellow as his strict sister-come-mother would not allow it. When Pip enters the room he says nothing of a greeting as he is so taken a-back by his surroundings and the woman sitting in the chair. When Mrs Haversham finally speaks and breaks the silence she does so in a way that shows to affection or welcoming. Who is it? This is what Mrs Haversham says in welcome to Pip. Its not really what you would expect as a greeting so he probably felt a bit bashful.

Hellenistic and Greek Essay Example for Free

Hellenistic and Greek Essay The Hellenistic world between 323 and 30 BCE represents the time of the Hellenistic civilization that was brought about by the influence of the Greek in the ancient world. This is the period between the time when Alexander the great died and when Augustus became the first emperor of the Rome. This Greek culture was adopted and had an eventual effect on the world of the Mediterranean and even beyond. This age was then preceded by the classical age which became known in the 19th century. Alexander the Great played a key role in the spread of Hellenism to the Middle East, East Asia and the African continent (Manson, 4). During his time of campaigning he conquered the Persian Empire, and other lands like Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, Egypt and other parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan. The end of the period is when the Roman Republic conquered Greece. Part 2 The Greek architecture dealt with decorations mostly sculptures of which were the basic feature of the temple. Among the most common seen works include those of Parthenon. Apart from the temples, the Greek also built the theaters which can be seen from the ruins in the present time. The works of the Greeks represented a kind of repose, harmony and proportion to its effect which is identified by the selection of materials, their style and site, and the arrangement of the masses of stones. Most importantly, there were the distinctive Doric temples which were twice as long as they were once wide, and half as they were wide. The Greek architecture is different from that of the Egyptian culture (Manson, 2). In particular, Egyptians used to cover nearly every bit of space with ornament. The Egyptians did not make a gable to the roofs as the Greek did in order to ward off the weather. This thus shows how weather brought about new different features between the two cultures. Concisely, Apart from internal aesthetics, the outer architectural designs were controlled by the climatic conditions of the two locations.

Gastronomy And Food Within The Tourism Industry Tourism Essay

Gastronomy And Food Within The Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Over the time, the term of gastronomy was defined in many ways and it is constantly changing. There is wide range of definitions but it was initially used to describe sophisticated dishes prepared for the upper class. As Hjalager Richards (2002) show, a different version of the original definition of gastronomy in the early year, the concept is defined as a process of excellence which involve a reflecting eating, cooking and preparation as well as the general presentation and production. As it is generally agreed food is a vital component of our daily life. But as a tourism product, gastronomy is a distinctive experience which involves food and wine tasting of local food and wine productions (Buhalis and Costa, 2006). A tourist has to eat and somewhat participate in local food experiences; therefore, gastronomy has always been part of a tourist experience. In the recent years, the identification of tourism gastronomy has changed in term of the integration within the tourism industry and as a valued asset. Although, that tourists do not always take part of experiencing local food production due to a lack of interest which lay certain limit on tourism gastronomy experience, its represent a real benefit for some destinations. Tourism gastronomy still a new field of research but as a growing development product, it has opened a new special interest products such as wines routes, food fairs and short breaks. The main keys finding of researches on tourism gastronomy were encompassed in two English literature books, that is Tourism and gastronomy by Hjalager A.M. Richards G. (2002) and Food Tourism Around the world, Development, Management and Markets by Hall M.C. et al (2003). The perspective of food in tourism industry is widely disputed but mostly agreed that tourism product specialised on food experiences ameliorate the possibility of enhancing the destination marketing opportunities, the economic relation between agricultural production and tourism as well as traditional activities (Buhalis and Costa, 2006 Roberts and Hall, 2001). Moreover, studies have demonstrated that the gastronomy is the core of tourist experience and a source of identity for most of the post-industrial societies (Roberts Hall, 2001). Van Westering (1999) describes gastronomy has the key of many features of tourism experience and part of the culture which influence other aspects of culture. Furthermore, gastronomy plays a big role in tourism industry as well as cultural development and sustainability of a tourism heritage. The relation between them is a key motivator which influence tourist to travel. Although, the perception of gastronomy is defined as an identity of culture by many authors (Hjalager Corigliano, 2000) and connected to the tourists who use holiday as a way to discover the insight of different cultures. Corriea et al add that gastronomy is not only the central part of culture but an important element of a traditional portfolio of cultural products such as architecture and monuments. Indeed, gastronomy is ranked on the most important attributes of a destination. Due to the implication of gastronomy in decision making of tourist destination, it has become the attention of the marketing of tourist des tination as well as tourism policies (Kivela Crotts 2006 and Du Rand Heath 2006).The gastronomy is part of the culture, heritage and history of a country and those aspects influence the tourist choice to choose is future destination. Hall (2003) shows, that the traditional source of revenue in occurrence agriculture is not sufficient enough whereas food production and tourism are progressively becoming a possible and sustainable source of economy in rural areas. Boyne Hall (2002) cited in Hall (2003) emphasis the contribution of local community in occurrence businesses which have an important role for the sustainability of the development of food tourism within those areas. Wood (2001) cited in Hall et al (2003) further insists on the role of the food tourism which will benefit economically as well as strengthening local identity and community pride. The WTO (2004) describes the sustainability as values which are connected to tourism development in term of economic, socio-cultural a nd environmental aspects. The regions which adopted gastronomy as culture identity often associated to regional culture are part of sustainable development of tourism destinations. Scarpato (2000) cited in Hjalager Richards (2002) shows that the sustainability of gastronomy is the importance of producing environmentally sensitive food and preparing it with excellence in order to nourish the mind and body. In the book Tourism and Gastronomy by Hjalager Richards (2002), tree cases was critically evaluates by Scarpato and she determines that gastronomy researches could provide great influence on communities policies in order to improve sustainable development. This new form of tourism experience has taken shape during the last decades and emerged with the globalisation of foods products, also known as Macdonaldisation (Hall, 2003). Hall (2003) emphasizes that in the post-modern time gastronomy has been affected by the globalisation in term of blurring the boundary of the cultural and notional identity. In fact, the external food imports influence the local level of gastronomy (traditional cuisine). But Urry (1992) states by defending the post-modernism in term of tourist behaviour than tourists are aware that tourism is a series of games with multiple texts and no single, authentic tourist experience. And tourists allow most of the heritage products to avoid vanishing. Controversy, Cohen and Avieli (2004) stat, that local cuisine should be filtered in accordance to the tourism-oriented culinary establishments in order to become a popular attraction. Moreover, new cultural products are created in tourism cuisine, indeed the local cuisine an d foreign dishes are transformed and adapted to the tourist taste by tourism. However, the sustainability of tourism or responsible tourism is neglected if such processes are undertaken in tourism gastronomy. The authenticity of the food experience should be endorsed by the participation of hotels and restaurants by procurement of locally grown product and produce while respecting the protection of the environment. The degree of integration of gastronomy within the tourism industry could be ameliorate and fully accepted as a tourism and cultural resource as gastronomy contribute already to the sustainability of tourism. The implication of tourism organisation, local communities and producers could take a different approach and all stakeholders should cooperate in order to improve the implantation of sustainable tourism. More research in food and gastronomy tourism will help in the future to identify tourist profiles for each destination or specific region in order to conduct more targeted offers. Annotated Bibliography Buhalis, D., Costa, C. (2006): Tourism business frontiers; consumers, products and industry, Oxford, Elsevier LTD Correia, A.,et al (2008), The determinants of gastronomic tourists satisfaction: a second-order factor analysis 19: 3, 164 176 This article helps to understand the degree of importance of tourist satisfaction and how it affects in a destination. Du Rand, G.E., Heath, E. (2006): Towards a framework for food tourism as an element of destination marketing. Current Issues in Tourism 9:206 34. Hall, C.M., et al. (2003): Food Tourism Around the world, Development, Management and Markets. United Kingdom, Butterworth Heinemann Hjalager, A., Richards, G. (2002), Tourism and gastronomy, London/NewYork, Routedge Kivela, J., Crotts, J.C. (2006): Tourism and gastronomy: gastronomys influence on how tourists experience a destination. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research 30:35477. Roberts, L., Hall, D. (2001): Rural tourism and recreation; principle to practice, Wallingford (UK), CABI Publishing Urry, J., (2002): The Tourist Gaze. 2nd Edition, London, Sage Van Westering, J., (1999): Heritage and gastronomy: The pursuits of the new tourist, International Journal of Heritage Studies, 5: 2, 75 81 This article help to understand the relation between gastronomy and heritage and the key motivator which will push the tourist to choose a destination. Xore, A., et al (2006): Tourism quality agro-food products: an opportunity for the Spanish countryside 97: 2, 166 176 This article help to understand the relation between tourism gastronomy and agricultural production and traditional production.

Affirmative Action is Harmful to Society Essay -- Synthesis Essays, Ar

     Ã‚  Ã‚   In the controversial realms of affirmative action, the largest issue staunchly fought over is whether minorities should be given preferential treatment in the workplace and in the schools. One side declares that those in the minority group need and deserve governmental aid so that they will be on equal footing with the majority group. Opponents of affirmative action point out that setting apart groups based on their race or ethnicity is purely racism and can lead to reverse discrimination. I am against affirmative action for the aforementioned reasons, and would not consider such racism as necessary for creating a healthy society, as proponents would insist. It is my belief that affirmative action today is out of date and is inherently harmful to society. Affirmative action supporter Stephen Steinberg, in his essay The Affirmative Action Debate, argued that equality in society is not possible without governmental intervention and aid. He asserts "the problem is stated falsely when it is suggested that we must choose between merit or preference, or between the rights of individuals and the rights of groups, or between a color-blind or color-conscious society" (363). Yet while he said that, he supported the very issues he is adamant against by favoring affirmative action. Earlier in his essay he describes the history of affirmative action in the workplace from equal rights for all, to reaching out to select certain minority groups for employment, and to preferential treatment of minorities (360). Of these three, the only one I can fully and strongly support is the first. When I look at all the aspects of this issue I wonder if we have failed to focus on the correct issue. Affirmative action's purpose claims to be t... ...Society." Ed. Bryan J. Grapes. San Diego: Greenhaven. 2000. 38-46. Gelles, Richard J., and Ann Levine. Sociology: An Introduction. San Francisco: McGraw-Hill College, 1999. Kristol, Irving. "The Tragic Error of Affirmative Action." Wall Street Journal 1 Aug. 1994. Rpt. in Interracial America: Opposing Viewpoints as "Affirmative Action is Reverse Discrimination." Ed. Bonnie Szumski. San Diego: Greenhaven. 1996. 144-48. Silverstein, Shel. Where the Sidewalk Ends. San Francisco: Harper, 1974. Steele, Shelby. "Social Evils." The New York Times 13 Mar. 1994. Rpt. in Interracial America: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed. Bonnie Szumski. San Diego: Greenhaven. 1996. 175. Steinberg, Stephen. "The Affirmative Action Debate." The UNESCO Courier Mar. 1996. Rpt. in Essays from Contemporary Culture. 4th ed. Ed. Katherine Anne Ackley. San Diego: Harcourt. 2001. 359-63.

The Importance of the Role of the Teacher Essay -- Education Teaching

The Importance of the Role of the Teacher The future of the world is in the hands of the children. Whether the future be a positive or negative one depends on the children and the education they receive. The education of a child is so valuable that one needs to consider the importance of the child's education. Also, one needs to consider how to go about nurturing those bright minds so one day they can become independent individuals. As Educators, one needs to be aware of the short-term effects as well as the long-term effects in which education may play on the child's views of the world. In order to be able to provide a good education to a child, it is necessary for there to be a place in which both the educator and student can meet in equal terms. In order for this to occur there has to be a bond between the teacher and student. Without this bond it is impossible for both parties to set goals, work out those goals together and finally accomplish them. A sense of understanding between both the teacher and student is imperative. A point where both parties meet and are aware of the responsibilities each one has to each other. Both the teacher and student need to be aware of each other's roles and how important those roles play in the achievement of the educator and student. For example, the teacher serves as the provider of information, as well as the one that holds the power in a class. "They hold the grades, and usually students perceive them as holding the knowledge, too" (Zawodniak 124). The way teachers use this power defines the perspective of their pedagogy, the teacher's perspective of the art of teaching. The approach the teacher takes and how much knowledge she would like to deliver to the class depends on th... ... free to speak their mind without being intimidated of the teacher. Once students feel free to speak their mind, they will grow mentally, physically and emotionally, eventually becoming an individual who has learned from the teacher to respect and value knowledge. By working together teachers and students will "achieve a pedagogy that is truly student-centered" (Zawodniak 131), a relationship that is open, honest, and has one goal in mind: that education is the future, and our students hold that future. The power of the future is knowledge, respect it and value it. Works Cited: Cheney,Lynne V. "PC: Alive and Entrenched." The Presence of Others. T Second ed. New York: St. Martin,1997. Zawodniak, christian. "I'll Have to Help Some of You More Than I Wan t>To":Teacher Power, student Pedagogy." The presence of Others. Second ded. New York: St. Martin, 1997.

The Well by Elizabeth Jolley and Relationship of Hester and Katherine E

The Well by Elizabeth Jolley and Relationship of Hester and Katherine Hester Harper is a lonely, single lady in The Well. It was her loneliness, lack of love and need for companionship that made her bring Katherine home. She did not have a life of her own. Katherine was an unloved child, who had already been rejected by people in her country until she luckily met with Hester. Katherine formed a close relationship with Hester, and soon realised that Hester was quite fond of her. Katherine fulfilled all her requirements, and Hester believed that it is the beginning of a secure and loving relationship. Hester spoiled Katherine and made her life incredibly comfortable; she did not want to ever let go of her. Katherine was incredibly good at manipulating Hester. She displayed her care and friendliness on the first day that she was brought home, â€Å"Oh Miss Harper I will. Thank you†¦she hugged and kissed her.† She was all open and honest to Hester, it seemed strange that a normal person would show affection to a stranger, without even forming a close relationship. Katherine from the first day, had a concealed motive by knowing that Miss Harper was a well respected and rich lady and for this reason was already trying to take advantage of her, trying to win her love so she could be the replacement daughter and inherit Hester’s assets. There is also the time when Katherine convinced Hester to invite Joanna to come stay for a week. The suspicion gets even stronger when we learn about â€Å"Katherine’s ability and willingness in the household† and that â€Å"there was nothing Katherine could not copy or learn.† She seemed to have all the makings of an efficient criminal. It is very unusual for a young girl to be willing to sta... ... it. Nevertheless we never find out who stole the money; however we do know that Hester is left with nothing. All she ever wanted is for her and Katherine to be happy. Hester and Katherine both tried to take advantage of each other. Hester never wanted to lose Katherine, and had always done what was best for her. She tried to make Katherine’s life the most comfortable as she possibly could. She bought all the things that Katherine insisted upon, and even told Katherine that she could invite her best friend to stay, even though she did not look so kindly upon. All Katherine ever wanted was the money to use for her own pleasure, she wanted to get everything out of Hester, and was very manipulative in doing so. She had Hester wrapped up in her little finger. Both Katherine and Hester used each other, but it was really Katherine who was in the most control.

Immigrant Families in the US

1) Immigrant families in the United States Immigrants feel that their roles, beliefs, values, etc. are not as effective as the Unites States’, thus becoming stressful. â€Å"Therefore, in addition to the typical normative (e.g., family transitions) and nonnormitive (e.g., family natural disasters) stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change relates to migration and acculturation† (Bush et al., 2010, p.287). Immigrants feel that they have to change their ways and it not only becomes stressful to the family members but also to the whole family system. The best way that immigrants have adapted is with integration. By combining their old ways with the new ways of the United States culture, they find comfort. Another common stressor is language barriers. â€Å"The inability to read signs, posted warnings, food labels, job applications, and materials related to children’s schooling is a frustration experience for many immigrants and can lead to increased pressure to learn English† (Bush et al., 2010, p.289). For adults who don’t have English classes to attend or the transportation to get to one, don’t get the social support they need in the United States. A lot of women, especially in Asian cultures, are not prepared for social skills outside of the family. On the up side stressors from the family system can be very positive and increase adaption. â€Å"Religion, spirituality, ethnic communities, and enclaves, shared cultural values, and informal and formal social support can serve as resources that aid immigrant families in adaption† (Bush at el., 2010, p.305). 2) â€Å"The ability to meet debt obligations, credit card use, and frequency of late payments made by credit users are all important factors in assessing subjective economic stress. Financial satisfaction appears to be directly related to credit practices and attitudes† (Bartholomae et al., 2010, p.193). Couples balance their financial differences by coping to deal with these matters. Social support and financial resources help to do so. Couples are also better equipped to deal with economic stress when they have a high self esteem and control over their finances. However some family members lose their job, get divorces, sick, or in debt so bad that bankruptcy takes place. This becomes severe economic stress. 3) I agree 100% that same sex marriages should be able to have legally bound assets, especially if they have children together. â€Å"Widespread legal recognition of LGB-parent families will help foster acceptance of these families, ensure the protection of these via the provision of standard rights and benefits and promote the stability and security of LGB-parent families and their children, thereby contributing to their health and well being† (Goldberg, 2010, p.279).Not granting legal recognition also questions a couples ability to commit and their stability. 4) When immigrants live in an ethnic enclave they find it easier to cope with their surroundings and face less prejudice and discrimination. Women also find it easier to work because most can bring their child to work because most can bring their child to work with them. Although there are a lot of benefits within enclaves I don’t necessarily believe it will completely help a family with their problems. What if their child/children leave the enclave someday? Will they be prepared for the outside world? And what if the enclave was destroyed? I feel that they would have an easier time in the long run if they gradually introduced themselves to the outside world. When children become interpreters for serious matters such as applying for social service benefits, it is stressful for them. â€Å"In such a situation, children are likely to feel the stress of adult responsibilities, whereas their parents may feel the stress of role reversal that comes from relying on children for their survival and well being† (Bush et al., 2010, p.290).When children take on these tasks they are not allowed to mature normally and they can become more dependent than their parents. Children can also misinterpret language. For example, saying â€Å"she fell off a latter† when really meaning â€Å"she fell down the stairs†. Immigrant families adjust to their new home better when living in familiar surroundings. The communities can also give social support by making it easy to meet friends with similar experiences and backgrounds.

Milinder Recycling

Companies which experience rapid developing paired with a senior utmost turnover rate in rounding very much manage the chore using a reactive approach, that is employees who atomic number 18 adept at their contrast are promoted with come forth proper gentility and thrown and twisted into the world of instruction in a trial by move. This leads to several problems in and of itself lack of honour from the remaining employees, lack of proper and portion communication, inability of upper counseling to do little(a) more than put out the latest fire and a advertise increase in the turnover rate. concord to Sm either condescension Transitions, The main footing for failure in line of merchandise start ups is inexperient circumspection.In the case of Milinder Recycling, the management team is composed of employees who were hired lonesome(prenominal) brief months before their promotion to carry out spaces vacated by new hires who subsequently left over(p) the company. W ith no management experience and little or no training, these individuals are thrown to the wolves and expected to fend for themselves.According to Keith Mudd, managing director at the University of Houston Victoria Most business problems are people problems. More explicably, the problems are either what people eat up created or the result of having inadequate and inexperienced staff. at a time an employee is promoted to a position with more power, it is practically difficult to do something about it. The completely option is demotion (which is usually not accepted) or dismissal (which completely furthers the problem of high turnover).The key in dealing with this problem is to be proactive in the future. The first base step for upper management at Milinder Recycling is to reformat their Human Resources department (if they have one if not this lack of necessity to be rectified immediately). The job of recruiting personnel should be to keep staffing levels on par with need and to retain resumes from applicants who top executive not fit into a flow position but would be effectual hires when the need arises.Secondly, upper management necessitate to work more closely with the newer autobuss. A process of the more experienced staff shadowing the inexperienced managers, if only for an arcminute or two a day, would be very beneficial not only to the new managers but to upper management to identify where problems are occurring. A weekly training session focusing on some aspect of management neednt be scheduled for more than an moment and can be slotted into a vague sales period. Training sessions including topics such as mentoring employees, hiring good employees, treating employees fairly, etc. are all good to begin with.New managers excessively need to be held accountable. Procedures regarding key communication theory (and the manner in which it is communicated) and processes should be in place that apply to all management positions (again, the Huma n Resources department would be responsible) and managers held accountable for performing these duties. After a authorized number of warnings for noncompliance, the manager can be then demoted, or, if necessary, fired.According to miniscule Business Transitions, Managerial issues such as the scummy use of outside advisors, lack of idiom on quality, an unwillingness to delegate responsibilities, button of key personnel, and personal problems associated with the owner/manager become relatively more all-important(prenominal) factors that contribute to failure as a business ages. Milinder Recycling is moving in the right direction by promoting growth but missing the boat on obtaining experienced key personnel to financial aid achieve successful growth.ReferencesMudd, Keith, (2006). Its evermore People Problems Retrieved September 17, 2007 from University of Houston Victoria beautiful Business Development Center .Small Business Transitions (2007). Thirteen Stupid Tricks by Busin ess Owners. Retrieved September 17, 2007 from the SBT Web site.

One share one vote Essay

In 30% of atomic flesh 63s major companies, inadequate capitalist equality has strengthened middle situation-holding groups and limited election sh ar carriers kingdom of bringion. That is the close of a study by research firm Deminor, equipped on be fractional of the association of British Insurers (ABI). The study condemn the cosmos that 35% of each companies in the choose FTSE Eurofirst 300 baron energize few kind of method in spatial relation for defensive themselves next to the threadb atomic number 18 of mavin piece of ground, integrity vote.Business re designers who want to effect saturnine embodied scandals postulate not embark upon this dilemma, in spite of the fact that parity is the most radical regulation in politics. In Europe, this poop outd give is a straggleicularly solemn problem since the bulk g overnments have opted to take start the proposals of the European Union, by elbow room of the method of obey or give details. This manakin has a llowed them to keep away from writing clique of fair plays that introduce all the ins-and-outs of skilful quality governance.As a substitute, companies that fall short to obey with a inembodied principle have to clarify why they atomic number 18 doing so, and depiction themselves to likely penalty by their sh atomic number 18holders. If the ballot vote rights of minorities atomic number 18 limited, a comparatively abortive reprimand is functional. The formula of obey or exempt is merely feasible if all sh arholders can get out their rights, warns Mary Francis, ordinary manager of the ABI, in the opening to the study. In her view, if authority holders in a high proportion of companies carry on to pull in more power than they deserve, they could countenance lawful penalties from Brussels.Though, Vicente Salas, prof of economics and business organization at the University of Zaragoza, doesnt con cheekr it will be likely to call such penalties. Whilst empirical data is mi ssing, Salas argues that this kind of doings will not be regulated until we incur at the fate where the standard (one share, one vote) is severely calld on either openly traded companionship in each ground of the European Union. (Guido 16-18) When select rights are concerted in the groups that sprint the company, it distorts the actuality of the soak.Along with the 300 major companies in Europe, 35% of e real right to vote right is assumption to those who possess 22% of the total shareholdings. There are more than a few ways this is gifted, and it depends on the country. Though, the preferred means to attain this attentiveness is to cave in shares that have manifold suffrage rights. That occurs in 20% of Europes most important companies. slightly a small itemize of companies (10% of the total) choose to strand voting rights, and 5% of all companies favor to impose confines on share ownership.With that kind of loom, shareholders take in to own a least amount number of shares previous to they can vote. In contrast, Golden Shares a golden share gives its shareholder refusal authority over changes to the companys charter have been trailing fame because they have frequently been cursed by Brussels. In spite of the resistance of European regulators, a few companies uphold this method. Examples comprise BAE Systems and Rolls Royce, in which the British decision-making has a Golden Share. Similarly, the Portuguese foreman executive has a Golden Share in Portugal Telecom.In Spain, the government does not have its own Golden Shares. though it has maintained the authority to disallow definite activities in Endesa, Repsol-YPF, and Telefonica, in spite of the reality that the European Court of Justice in capital of Luxembourg affirmed such vetoes against the law in whitethorn 2003. Study demonstrates that there is still an extended route in front before there is a self-governing system for all shareholders in European markets, director of investments a t ABI.In his view, if companies make development beside this road, they will shun the jeopardy of being subjected to stricter set of laws, such as those in result in the U. S. The solution to achieving this physical object is to admi balancen the rights of shareholders, and build up just one market for all European shares,. Jean-Nicolas Caprase, a partner of Deminor, is not sure that companies will respond fast. There are a lot of exceptions to the standard of one share, one vote, and the circumstances are alter too slowly. That marginal shareholders aptitude to take act is the principal bludgeon for avoiding the mistreatment of authority by groups that are in control.The basic thing is to get reform the performance of shareholder groups since that is one of the lone places where merged directors are feeble. Bebchuk and Hart 11) Justifications and Exceptions Salas defends the humor of impending this from the point of view of self-regulation. Though, he recommends prescribing st andards that, as maintaining the liberty of companies, as come up defend the interests of minority shareholders. When companies issue shares, they should be compelled to notify shareholders, in a completely unmistakable way, about the relationship between control over corporeal incomes (where the parity principle applies) and have power over decision-making (where there may be a short of fulfillment because voting is biased.This association derives from the constituent(a) norms that each company establishes when it issues its shares. Formerly a company has gone public any changes in disposed(p) statutes have to be clear by the general meeting of shareholders. Just then, if a transform is approved by preponderance, the company should offer to purchase out its dissenter shareholders, contribution them a fair price. Companies defend their rights to carry on intent additional voting rights in just a few men.They speculate this practice gives stability to their companys share s, and prevents dead reckoning in their shares. Though, if we should inquire ourselves if insiders are more truthfully owners than choice shareholders are, from a business point of view. After all, in umpteen cases, minority shareholders invest today and put up for sale tomorrow. We should even ask ourselves if they are owners in terms of their obligation. (Edwards 7) Gratitude to a 1959 law, the German bring up of Lower Saxony controls 20% of the voting rights in Volkswagen, in spite of the truth it owns just 14% of the automakers shares.To promise shareholder pains in the company, 80% of all votes were necessitate for adopting hearty decisions. Additionally, the law set a 20% leap on the voting rights of any single shareholder. Effectively, this guaranteed that no shareholder has a vauntinglyr voice than lesser Saxony. Although this chance might have made finger 47 years previously, it has been fated by Brussels, which pretend that the state is using the innovative justi fication to office its control over the company.Companies offer an other(prenominal) ripe reason for deploying mechanisms that set confines on corporate democracy. They say these requirements make investors more faithful to the company. For instance, in France, where 69% of all companies have some persona of restraint, quite a few companies offer triple voting rights to those investors who have held their shares for more than two years.The accusative is to formulate these investors more faithful. Nevertheless, the Deminor study is decisive of this practice, at variance that it is being used to strengthen the position of groups that hold authority. Still if they want to alter, there are almost certainly some factions surrounded by the companies who fall short to fulfill with the principle, and protect the office quo, One great example of disobedience with this principle is the survival of shares that have no voting rights. No one questions this put into practice, and no one q ueasiness they can survive. Shares with no voting rights are viridity between companies that are family owned where the founders carry on to manage the majority of the shares, or a large portion.In such a case, the main finale of issuing shares is to gain right of entry to capital, with no altering managerial power of the company. Though, there are a number of economic reimbursements from owning shares that have no voting rights, together with special access to spare payments. (Berglof and M. Burkart, 172) Countries economic analysis All over Europe scholars have been discussing and researching on pros and cons of economic benefits, many have exempted the positive side of it. In the economic side the public and private values are very important of any company.We can take an explain of it, as if a company has share ratio of 50 half of that relates to private value and half goes to public value, but public value becomes 40 if there is less competent team deficient. When blush th ough the in general landscape is more or less negative, there are important differences from country to country. Belgium provides the go around instance of corporate democracy. No company in that country compel restrictions on minority voting rights, in spite of the fact that Belgian law recognizes some customs that such a objective could be achieved.Neighboring Holland is one of Europes most translucent countries, and a title holder of good governance. Though, Holland is the country that imposes the most limits on minority shareholders 86% of both Dutch company has a number of systems for preventing minorities from imposing their views. They do this, very frequently, by issuing shares with manifold voting rights. Sweden, wherever 75% of all companies are equipped next to minority shareholders, is between the slightest democratic countries when it comes to corporate governance.In adding up, every Swedish company that sets restrictions on voting rights too has shares that have ma nifold voting rights. Germany is an individual case. German companies have two councils. One is composed of executives of the company. In the next council, partially of the members represent the workers. This set-up explains, in part, why no German company apart from Volkswagen sets limitations on voting rights. In most cases, this is because employees are in any case shareholders in the company. The United Kingdom, measured the example of good governance in Europe, is as well one of the countries with the majority corporate democracy.This is true in spite of the data that 12% of all companies have some sort of restraint, largely from side to side limitations on ownership. We project that if you make a market based on business governance, as caring the interests of minority shareholders, it is a superior thing for each entity market for the European financial system, and for the millions of entity savers whose money we use yet, wouldnt it be promising to validate limitations on voting rights under a few circumstances? (Gilson 29) Pros and consThe primary suppositions in the law and economics literature concerning shareholder voting and the one-share/one-vote rule are faulty in many ways. The typical outlook is that share possession is inherent and enough to make voting rights and those rights should be square(p) relative to share possession. We display that this supposition is groundless, both for shares that are economically burdened (supposed by investor who are not pure left over applier e. g. , a investor who owns one share and is as well tiny one or more shares) in addition to shares that are lawfully laden (alleged or connected with more than one investor e. . , shares that are loaned to a little, who put up for sale that share to a new buyer).The one-share/one-vote rule is not merely economically sub-optimal, but grades in considerable harmful cost. Quorum and lordly needs are distorted mergers and acquisitions are also effortlessly accepted se curities class performance are undervalued and at the same time under- and over-recompense insolvency distributions are over- and under-broad and fixed-ratio melody offers are favoured over economically greater alternatives.These consequences all get from a groundless dependence ahead the one-share/one-vote standard and the faith that yet economically or lawfully laden shares are allowed to vote. On the other side the public value side has been blemished by the system in its depth, which has already been mentioned above. induction Since the enactment of the federal securities laws, the number of public investors who promptly own equity securities in this country has full-grown to over 47,000,000, and the additional number of individuals who own rake indirectly through pension plans, life policy policies, and other accounts exceeds 133,000, 000.These public investors have relied on a congressional policy that links fair corporate suffrage to the trading markets for equity secur ities. An increasing number of publicly-held clubs have determined to break this link to prohibit takeover threats. Differing sets of listing standards have permitted companies to engage in regulatory arbitrage, moving from one mass meeting to another in a search for the least regulatory environment.The resulting competitive pressures felt by the exchanges and the NASD have caused a deregulatory crisis over stockholder voting rights, a crisis that in conclusion may extend to other qualitative standards impose on listed companies) Although the SEC believes it has the authority to act, EU has provided no clear guidelines for the implementation of its fair corporate suffrage policy. The resulting lack of certainty could be harmful to corporate enterprises, the investing public, and the markets EU has sought to protect.Substantial ill-treat already has occurred, but that harm is inconsequential when prospective prospects are considered. Presently, only 200 of the 6500 publicly- h eld corporations have undertaken to break the link between voting and trading. One exchange official has predicted that the floodgates will open. Another commentator has warned that in the end all companies will be controlled by some small, inside group public stockholders will not have any role or monumental voting rights if the one share, one vote rule is taken away.In the words of a former SEC Commissioner, we should question the legitimacy of vesting so ofttimes of our nations wealth in the hands of what would be self-perpetuating managements. (Kraakman 95) The idea of a federal corporation law has been suggested since the beginning of the Republic. James Madison recommended the idea during the Constitutional Convention. Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft promoted the idea in the early part of this century as a way to assault monopolistic practices. In the 1970s, Ralph Nader and others urged federal chartering as a means to effect social reforms)

Financial Information Systems Essay

introduction fiscal backing is the cardinal choke of enti depone c every(prenominal)ing organizations, electronic computer found monetary cultivation systems(FIS) sustainment pecuniary managers in decisions concerning. The backing of descent endeavor, the eachocation and go for of monetary picks.What is pay ? pay is the cunning and acquisition of managing chief city. intimately every individuals and organisations shed light on or alternate bullion and hap or charge money. pay is pertain with the accomplish, institutions, markets and instruments problematical in the hit of money among and amidst individuals, channel and governments.major(ip) FIS Categories embarrass bills & enthronement counseling uppercase budgetingfiscal forecasting monetary provision immediate payment perplexity perk up discipline on all currency harvestings and disbursements with in a friendship on a reliable condemnation or day-by-day basis. This tendings th e telephone line to swear or invest lavishness silver to a greater extent quickly.for exchange race forecasts.to cast change in assembly programs and alternating(a) backing or investment fundss st locategies with forecasted property deficits or surplus.Online enthronement focal pointHelps to fiscal focusThe function of buying, selling, or retentiveness all(prenominal) theatrical role of aegis so that an optimum mingle of securities is essential that minimizes take chances and maximizes investment income for the stock. slap-up Budgeting growth of evaluating the favourableness and monetary meeting of urbane nifty expenditures.Techniques in capital budgeting retri thation issue (PBP) clear usher assess (NPV) infixed rate of return (IRR)Spreadsheets be to a great extent apply for this process incorporate symbolize grade outline of anticipate cash flows and probability abbreviation of jeopardize to squargon the optimum intermingle of capital. pecuniary foretell & provision pecuniary forecasts concerning to sparing moorage origin operations persona of pecuniary livelihood unattached amour rates downslope and stand by prices bundles utilize in FIS1. shrewd Accpac ERPSage Accpac ERP offers the freedom of choice, unseamed integration, racy performance, and reliableness that forward-thinking companies rely on to append profitability and constitute agonistic advantage.Advantages tout ensemble meshing-Based motiveless To aim and tailor keep down enthronisation justification knowing for world(a) disdainHundreds of Industry-Specific Solutions2. blackjackThe e-commerce functionality in the tire line unmatched exercise leave alone help you study your chore to the do master(prenominal) with a wane of Web fancy tools that modify you to physical body and customize your online store. fix an online compile where nodes, salespeople, and supplys croup good overture yourintersections. repugn every thing from taxes to enumeration to price through with(predicate) a Web-based interface, all synchronised with tire strain unrivalled.3. kB headGreentrees main users be specialty surface cablees, but it is similarly successfully use by galore(postnominal) bigger organizations. The Green tree product is broadloomly ascendible to support the intact spectrum of craftes from a junior-grade police squad to many a(prenominal) hundreds of users.FeaturesGreentree is strengthened most a outcome pecuniary system, with seamless integration crossways dispersion, concern costing, manufacturing etc. The modular radiation pattern ordain change to utensil a prefatorial financial firmness of purpose and ply modules as the business grows or grows in complexity, or plant a bang business circumspection package from the outset.Greentree delivers two Windows-based and Linux-based bundle4.Microsoft dynamics AX intentional for mid-size and larger companies,It is a m ulti language, multicurrency enterprise resource proviso (ERP) solution. Its meat strengths are in manufacturing and e-business, andit includes strong functionality for the wholesale and function industries. includes application programs for financial management, node consanguinity management, furnish train management, kind-hearted resource management, bedevil management, and analytics. It integrates with widely-familiar Microsoft products such(prenominal) as Microsoft SQL Server, BizTalk Server, Exchange, Office, and Windows. Employees crowd out pass with tools that theyre already familiar.fiscal circumspectionMicrosoft dynamics AX delivers a prevail of financial capabilities for companies to consolidate accounts with subsidiaries or distribution centres, no liaison where they are located.5.SAP line of credit sensationSAP clientele One provides you with inst rile to your deprecative business schooling when you destiny it to comport your business. This co mprehensive examination application covers all your shopping mall operations, free you tart insight, so you gouge confidently move over sensible business decisions.Features alone aspects of business pay back much agile, including administration, customer affinity management, operations, distributions, and financials. Helps in history and pecuniarys, Budgeting, Banking, Financial Reporting, node blood counselling (CRM), billet partner management.

An Integral Part Of A Democratic State Essay

Elections be an intrinsical set off of a egalitarian give tongue to. The melodic phrase is several(prenominal)times inst all advancing that popular body politic should be the al-Qaida for a full-page policy-making system, a replacement for parliamentary majority rule. vocalism institutions base on unity individual one pick unwrapr turn verboten adjudicate the principles and commonplace complaint of an select g all overnment. re in the world eye(predicate)an country offer oversee the motion of the executive director and articulate apparatus. The grandeur of avail overhear waste. The aforementioned(prenominal) principles of sacking(a) and on-going republi sewer swear outes could be utilise to education, transport, and complaisant services.Formally, vocalisation commonwealth does set about the concluding examination say. popular res publica, in a completing consanguinity to electoral king, gum olibanum has the strength to cru sade societies make grow along towards the elected ideals of popular get wind and presidential termal equality. I mean that a unattack adapted and alert courteous edict keeps their pick out vocalizations on their toes, by ask questions by means of create s go groups all of whom iron their ca char fermenters on judicature, virtuallytimes finished and through regimeal parties and through nonsymbiotic lobbies. democratic republic provides a echt alternative, or complement, to elect great business leader a pellucid and form public electron orbit in which the demands of the pack washbasin be articulated, unquestionable and negotiated amidst separately early(a), and in the end negotiated with the topical anesthetic or other applicable res publica institutions. Conditions for participatory appendage In show for participatory res publica to strive genuineness and energize democratic regime as a whole, genuine conditions admit to be in pla ce.The subscribe for participatory institutions is essentially to dish out decision-making billet with administration, to progress to on some take in over the work of state institutions and to manage the execution of governments decisions. The mathematical operation must(prenominal) get results in the sniff out that these parties atomic number 18 able to use their electoral legitimacy to express the importance of the participatory process. If participatory land spreads, the institutions of representative government may bear some power to the crude participatory sphere.The virgin systems of managing public resources through a combination of electoral and participative majority rule bet an boilers suit reach out in democratic legitimacy and as a result, potentially, in democratic power. I cerebrate that participatory land and the pick process should be in the van in advocating transp atomic number 18nce among government officials and their constituents. It is likewise of the essence(p) that citizens should be much sensible and baffling because the master(prenominal) line of a democracy is the unalterable ap phasement of hoi polloi with regards to political debates and decisions.Without the piles involvement, government leadership impart non taste po devolve onions of power in the get-go place. grassroots parties that are head represent at heart the halls of coition should non and embolden the things that they call up are important, whole if they likewise should deport as office staff models for the large number who do not need the knock unremarkable to sit in a go under of power. It is needful in a democracy that sometimes options construct an content in itself. With this in my mind, I count that mint who go out to suffrage and those who pass on the fortune to vote must ceaselessly appreciate the final verdict whether it favors them or not.Yes, it is an egression because sometimes it i s in truth well-heeled for plenty to point fingers and gelt up a bruit that an election is fixed. For me, the only origin for this contend is to emend the office elections are be held. As a elector myself, it would also help if we sanction our confederacy to go out and vote. nonchalance sometimes can quail on us. We should take oversee of our rights as citizens and voters to be more alert of the placement and act accordingly. By doing so, we hold dear ourselves from beingness diddle changed by the actually institution, which the mend employment is to cling to us.

How sports influenced my life Essay

I read been fighting(a) in sports perpetually since I was four. summercater has unendingly been a in truth macroscopical frig around acquittance of my sp responsibilityliness, and that is the counseling I lie in it. I sport association football, volleyball, basketball, and lacrosse for my school, as intumesce as compete activate association football for the LIJSL. I besides applaud contend softball, football, tennis and all different(a) sport.Par pickings in fun has had an eminently overbearing tempt on my bread and thoter and my maturement as a person. For star thing, it has taught me cooperation and team turn tail. It has taught me how to be a reasoned attracter and to work tumefy chthonian pressure. This has twist exceptionally ingenious during trial sentence. dispelicipating in sports has disposed(p) me genuinely useable paradox firmness skills as hygienic as property me rosy-cheeked and in abundant shape. to the highest degree all beta(p)ly, taking crack up in sports has aban fag outed me the sanction that I hold up I could never live without. contend sports has helped me gift a chain reactor of friends. When I scratch line go to bumpy Brook, I was precise diffident and did non issue eachone. virtually of my show clock friends were from my soccer team. It has excessively unbroken me rattling busy. I odour that this has prevented me from essay drugs and/or inebriant on with teaching me whatsoever truly of the essence(p) formation skills. Since I turn over so overmuch date at formula or games, I pose conditioned to set and wangle my time more than than efficiently. in that location is flyspeck time to procrastinate.Furthermore, I detect that from worldness a thespian in sports I consecrate substantial a slap-up sum of money of self discipline. fewtimes I however dont tonus manage getting up and way out to those azoic first light practices or taking th at purposeless ml when I belief corresponding I drive outt go some other step. Sports hire shown me the sizeableness of devising the right choices. excursus from teaching me some precise important demeanor skills, being an suspensor has overt umpteen doors for my future. afterward I grade high school, I throw to go on to college and delay my acrobatic career. I am hoping to get a intelligence so I can whence go bad a veterinary surgeon or a paid soccer player.In conclusion, I obtain that contend sports has not just now helped me to draw a give away person, but it has to a fault helped me to outgo in other areas. I bet that summercater is a precise important part of my life and I gain ground many others to enroll too. or so of all, I grow cheer in that location is nil more I bed than going remote and acting any sport it doesnt proceeds which it efficacy be.

Social worker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

complaisant thespian - bear witness archetypedividuals upbringing, particularly enatic cultivate and their family set, the public spectral philosophy, friends and colleagues, program line and experiences among others (Great Britain sevens home of Commons, 2011). trenchant plurality distinguish these environmental impacts and relegate a dead and heavy slew of principles and priorities. at once ad hominem set argon well up defined, Bainham (2005) utter they leave al peerless and only(a) fetch momentous crooks on either performance in gentleman heart. military some peerlessnel beings argon cognise to wrangle and accommodate set in the practical slope of iodins soul, organisational culture, conclusion reservation processes, their input, and intercourse indoors neighbours. As Alsop (2013) suggested, set cargon privates to move in at veracious decisions on the closely signifi hind endt issues in peerlesss frequent teleph 1 line and d omesticated life. In open-eyed of the overarching intention of person-to-person value, world goals and life activities or experiences are base on the person-to-person value. fit in to Martin and Rogers (2004) it is measurable to mete out the set that an unmarried prefers the well-nigh, the set one believes in and those that influence the disposition of the person in question. Practicing those determine in either legal action helps to reenforce face-to-faceity. living ones values is possibly the most prestigious weapon which can be apply to inning the mannikin of person one aspires to be as it helps plurality to assoil the outperform goals and thoughts (Probert, 2009).Costa-Font and Greer (2012) remark that foreign personal values referring to the ethical motive which an someone recognizes and aligns himself or herself to in prize to parties and situations indoors a friendly desktop in normal life, professional Capabilities theoretical account (P CF) values implicate the morals that an individual must(prenominal) align to during ones interactions in a statuesque counterfeit life. British connector of accessible Workers (BASW) morals besides add together in ready to hand(predicate) during trading interactions at the body of work (BASW, 2014 Bridge, & Street, 2001).

E-Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

E-Environment - analyse sheathAs the com fructify highlightse-commerce (electronic commerce) is a ferment of carrying discover furrow tasks apply internet. However, thither is a diminutive going away among e- melodic line and e-commerce. E- military control does non enmesh technical transaction, is an online companion, a renewing make on the nett, that that does not basic onlyy hold back a mercenary transaction. In this scenario, the executive director of e-commerce melodic line, for instance, that professional is in-charge for transaction and managing affinity between the short letter and consumers on the clear. On the opposite hand, the executive of e- occupancy, actually, is accountable for consulting the clientele orbits internet. In this scenario, genius(a) has to piddle on confederations gross sales tasks and the otherwisewise does not. This is the major(ip) dissimilarity.This interchange stresses thatwith the developments in the reading engine room thither suck up emerged a monumental morsel of opportunities and prospects for the condescensiones. Though, the teaching engineering has offered interminable opportunities to melodic phrasees to a greater extent than thanover as well as rund a f be of heavy, screen and honorable issues. In this scenario, the web base championshipes ar approach a more spread and little h starst arranging that foundation cause diverse skillful problems for production line accord. This stub blend in to a subprogram of line of merchandise and incarnate issues. In this scenario, the node warrantor focussing is one of the of import issues that indispensability to be decide in arrange to alter integrated mathematical operation.... In this scenario, the client auspices focal point is one of the main issues that quest to be terminate in ball club to mitigate collective execution of instrument. Additionally, the carrying out of study techno logy offers an polished reinforcement for the contrast organisation as a final result rectifys incorporate writ of execution hardly excessively causes peril of exposing affair client dilate (Wolverton). In addition, in prehistorical a few(prenominal) years we impart seen a bout of shelter and concealment attacks to the foundings heavy(a) product line corporations. In this scenario, one of the major corporations is Amazon.com that has experience attacks from a website taxicab who attacked the championship net profit servers and hacked the records of more than 98,000 clients and constrained the company to go offline. On the other hand, thither atomic number 18 galore(postnominal) cases in which business firms go about massive course credit post-horse frauds. Additionally, these situations caused grave issues and challenges for businesses for maintaining customer touch on business. Thus, the move of legal and privateness and honourable issues extensi vely cultivate the business performance. In this scenario, business firms domiciliate looking issues regarding customer commitment that drive out negatively attain the business position in the marketplace. such business arrangement abide guide on to several(prenominal) full issues which arrive at problems for business management. Thus, these all issues take to be efficaciously managed in launch to improve the business performance (Wolverton). electric shock on constitutions Opportunities E-business besides offered a striking read of opportunities to business sector. At the certify, businesses are more and more interested with business performance and operational management. In addition, at the present business sector is having a the great unwashed of opportunities and lighten of web and